Find percentages, percent changes, and percent-of values instantly.
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How to use the percentage calculator
Pick the mode that matches your question, then fill in the two numbers.
X% of Y answers questions like "what is 15% of 240?"
X is what % of Y answers "18 out of 24 is what percent?"
% Increase/Decrease answers "by what percent did this change from the old value to the new value?"
How to calculate percentages
X% of Y: multiply Y by (X ÷ 100). For example, 15% of 240 is 240 × 0.15 = 36.
What percent is X of Y: divide X by Y, then multiply by 100. For example, 45 out of 180 is (45 ÷ 180) × 100 = 25%.
Percent change: subtract the original value from the new value, divide by the original value, then multiply by 100. A positive result is an increase; a negative result is a decrease.
Worked examples
Grade: 18 correct out of 24 is (18 ÷ 24) × 100 = 75%.
Increase: a price goes from $80 to $100. (100 − 80) ÷ 80 = 0.25, so it rose 25%.
Decrease: the same price falls from $100 back to $80. (80 − 100) ÷ 100 = −0.20, so it fell 20%.
Things that trip people up
Up and down aren't symmetrical. A 25% increase is undone by a 20% decrease, not 25%. Likewise, 100 raised by 50% is 150, and 150 cut by 50% is 75, not 100. The base for each percentage is different.
Percent vs. percentage points. If a rate moves from 4% to 6%, it rose by 2 percentage points, but that is a 50% increase in the rate itself.
Multipliers save time. To add 8%, multiply by 1.08. To subtract 8%, multiply by 0.92.
Mental shortcut: 10% is the number with the decimal moved one place, and 5% is half of that. So 15% of 240 is 24 + 12 = 36.
Frequently asked questions
How do I find the original number before a percentage was added or removed?
Divide by the multiplier. If a total is $108 after adding 8%, the original was 108 ÷ 1.08 = $100. If a sale price is $68 after 15% off, the original was 68 ÷ 0.85 = $80.
Can a percentage be more than 100%?
Yes. 150% of a number is one and a half times that number, and a value that triples has increased by 200%.